UNFUSED/UNPROTECTED CIRCUIT/S  >5'

D.  UNFUSED/UNPROTECTED CIRCUIT/S  >5':
Wiring that runs to appliances or receptacles is supposed to be protected from overload by a fuse or circuit breaker. Overloaded wires can heat up excessively and become a real fire hazard.  Circuits that have no protection are more vulnerable to overheating since they will not trip breakers or blow fuses that alert the homeowner to take action.

Short circuits and fires are more likely to occur with an unprotected circuit.  An unprotected circuit run from the main panel to a fused connection must be no longer than 5 feet.  Ordinarily, an unfused or unprotected circuit is a strong sign of amateur workmanship, and most likely done without an electrical permit.  Occasionally, an amateur will attach additional wires directly to the entrance cable lugs (Fig. D1, Item A).  Even with fused protection between the lugs and the receptacle (Fig. D1, Item B) there will be a section of wire left unprotected (Fig. D1, Item C), which is potentially hazardous.  This type of “work” is usually only done when there is no normal point of attachment within the distribution panel.  Frequently, this requires a heavy up service installation.

Fig. D1

WHAT TO:    HOW TO:
There are often several alternatives when unfused circuits exist.  Often the main panel can be supplemented with a sub panel that will provide additional distribution.  This usually involves the rearrangement of several of the circuits.  If this cannot be done adequately, a new and larger panel should be installed.  If the house has inadequate power service as well, the entrance cable and the meter base should be increased in size to match the power need and conform to standards.

REFERENCE: E1, E2